β-Hydroxybutyrate - Miyay milixyada BHB oo dhan la abuuray si siman?
Waqtiga akhriska ee la qiyaasay: 6 daqiiqo
Waxa jira saddex jidh oo ketone ah oo lagu abuuray cunto ketogenic ah. Jidadka ketone waa acetoacetate (AcAc), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), iyo acetone. Acetoacetate waa ketone kii ugu horreeyay ee laga soo saaro burburka dufanka beerka. Qayb ka mid ah acetoacetate ayaa markaa loo beddelaa beta-hydroxybutyrate, jidhka ketone ee ugu badan uguna xasilloon wareegga wareegga.
In kasta oo saddex jirka ketone lagu soo saaray cunto ketogenic ah, bartan blogku waxay ku saabsan tahay BHB. Waxaa jira xiiso badan oo lagu soo saari karo BHB gaar ah iyada oo loo marayo cunto ketogenic ah iyo kabitaan. Dad badan ayaa isticmaala noocyo kala duwan oo ketones dibadda ah si ay u caawiyaan caafimaadka maskaxdooda.
Hawlahan calaamadaynta ee BHB waxay si ballaadhan ugu xidhaan deegaanka ka baxsan habaynta hidda-wadaha epigenetic iyo shaqada gacanta, waxaana laga yaabaa in falalkoodu ay khuseeyaan cudurrada kala duwan ee bini'aadamka iyo sidoo kale gabowga aadanaha.
Newman, JC, & Verdin, E. (2017). β-Hydroxybutyrate: dheef-shiid kiimikaad calaamad ah. Dib-u-eegista sanadlaha ah ee nafaqada, 37, 51-76. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064916
Laakiin waxaan rabaa inaad fahanto inay jiraan farqi u dhexeeya foomamka BHB ee la heli karo.
D-BHB (D-beta-hydroxybutyrate) iyo L-BHB (L-beta-hydroxybutyrate) waa laba nooc oo ka mid ah ketone jirka beta-hydroxybutyrate, oo dhab ahaantii waa stereoisomers. Si fudud marka loo eego, waa unugyo wadaaga isla qaacido kiimikaad iyo qaab dhismeed laakiin leh habab kala duwan oo atamka meel bannaan ah, taas oo ka dhigaysa in ay isu sawiraan midba midka kale.
Farqiga dhabta ah ee u dhexeeya labadan ayaa ah doorkooda nafleyda iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa jidhka. D-BHB waa qaabka bayooloji ahaan fir fircoon, taasoo la macno ah inay tahay ta qayb wayn ka ciyaarta wax soo saarka tamarta iyo dheef-shiid kiimikaadka.
Markaad raacayso cunto ketogenic ah ama sooman, beerkaagu wuxuu soo saaraa D-BHB oo ah jirka ketone ugu weyn. Waxay u shaqeysaa sidii ilo tamar oo kale oo loogu talagalay maskaxdaada, wadnahaaga, iyo murqahaaga marka gulukoosku yar yahay. D-BHB waa qaabka la muujiyay inuu saameyn togan oo kala duwan ku leeyahay hababka gacanta, sida kor u qaadista shaqada mitochondrial, autophagy, iyo biogenesis mitochondrial.
Waxaasoo dhan waxay muhiim u yihiin caafimaadka maskaxda! Waxaad wax badan oo ku saabsan hababkan mitochondrial ka baran kartaa halkan boostada blog ee aan qoray:
Taas bedelkeeda, L-BHB waa qaabka aan firfircoonayn nafleyda ee beta-hydroxybutyrate. Waxaa lagu soo saaraa xaddi yar oo jidhka ah waxayna leedahay hawlo dheef-shiid kiimikaad xaddidan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa xusid mudan in cilmi-baaristii ugu dambeysay ay bilaabatay inay daaha ka qaaddo doorka suurtagalka ah ee L-BHB ee hababka kala duwan ee gacanta.
Sidee buu L-BHB isu rogaa D-BHB?
Jirka bini'aadamka, beddelka L-BHB una beddelo D-BHB waxay ku dhacdaa hab loo yaqaan 'stereoisomerization'. Dunida molecular, stereoisomerization waa habka uu unugyadu u beddelo habaynteeda saddex-geesoodka ah ee atamka, una beddela hal stereoisomer mid kale iyada oo aan wax laga beddelin qaabka guud ee molecular. Isbeddelkan habaynta booseedku wuxuu u horseedi karaa kala duwanaanshiyaha guryaha iyo shaqooyinka isomers-yada ka dhasha. (Haddii ay kugu adag tahay inaad sawirto sharaxaaddan, blog this post Waa in la akhriyo, maadaama ay leedahay sawiro aad u wanaagsan oo ay abuureen dad aad u caqli badan).
Dunida BHB, beddelka waxaa fududeeyay enzyme loo yaqaan beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (BDH1), kaas oo ku jira mitochondria unugyada, ugu horreyntii beerka.
Enzyme-ka BDH1 waxa uu kiciyaa is-beddelka la beddeli karo ee u dhexeeya labada stereoisomers, L-BHB iyo D-BHB. Dareen-celinta sidoo kale waxay ku lug leedahay koenzyme NAD+/NADH. Joogitaanka BDH1 iyo NAD +, L-BHB waa oksaydhed si loo sameeyo acetoacetate iyada oo la dhimayo NAD + ilaa NADH. Ka dib, acetoacetate dib ayaa loo dhimi karaa D-BHB, iyadoo NADH dib loogu celinayo NAD + habka.
Waxaa xusid mudan in habkan wax-is-waydaarsiga ahi aanu ahayn mid aad waxtar u leh, maadaama L-BHB ay jidhka ku jirto tiro aad uga yar marka loo eego D-BHB, iyo insaymka BDH1 uu xidhiidh sare la leeyahay D-BHB. Natiijo ahaan, inta badan jirka ketone ee loo isticmaalo tamarta waa D-BHB, oo ah qaabka bayooloji ahaan firfircoon ee mas'uul ka ah inta badan faa'iidooyinka caafimaad ee la xiriira ketosis
Aqoon qoto dheer oo ku saabsan ficilada daba-galka ah ee BHB, iyo agabka la wanaajiyay ee gudbinta BHB ama dib u soo celinta saameynteeda, waxay bixisaa ballan qaadka horumarinta muddada caafimaadka bini'aadamka iyo cimri dhererka.
Newman, John C., iyo Eric Verdin. "β-Hydroxybutyrate: dheef-shiid kiimikaad calaamad ah." Dib-u-eegista sanadlaha ah ee nafaqada 37 (2017): 51-76. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6640868/
Waa maxay nooca BHB ee aan qaadanayaa?
Inta badan cusbada ketone ee suuqa ku jirta waa isku dhafka D-BHB iyo L-BHB. Tani waa sababta oo ah habka wax soo saarka ee milixda ketone waxay inta badan keentaa isku dhafka jinsiyadda, kaas oo ka kooban qadar siman oo ah labada stereoisomer, D-BHB iyo L-BHB. Alaabooyinkan waxaa mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan "cusbada BHB jinsiyadeed" ama si fudud "BHB cusbada."
D-BHB aad ayey uga badan tahay ketogenic waxayna bixisaa kalooriyo ka yar marka loo eego isku dhafka jinsiyadeed ee BHB ama triglyceride silsilad dhexdhexaad ah.
Cuenoud, B., Hartweg, M., Godin, JP, Croteau, E., Maltais, M., Castellano, CA, … & Cunnane, SC (2020). Dheef-shiid kiimikaad D-beta-hydroxybutyrate, substrate tamar ah oo ay si aad ah u cunaan wadnaha iyo kelyaha. Xannibaadyada Nafaqada, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.00013
Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in D-BHB ay tahay qaabka bayooloji ahaan firfircoon, kaas oo lala xiriiriyay inta badan faa'iidooyinka caafimaadka ee loo aaneynayo jirka ketone, sida dheef-shiid kiimikaadka tamarta oo la hagaajiyay, shaqada garashada, iyo hababka gacanta. L-BHB, in ay yar tahay firfircoonida nafleyda, wax badan kuma soo kordhinayso faa'iidooyinkan.
Markaad tijaabiso ketones dhiigaaga kaaga Keto-Mojo (xidhiidh la leh), ama qalab kasta oo kale oo la socodka ketone dhiigga, waa inaad ogaataa inay kaliya cabbiraan D-BHB. Markaa marka aad isticmaasho milixda korantada (D/L-BHB), heerka korodhka balaasmaha L-BHB lama ogaan karo mitirka ketone dhiigaaga.
Iyadoo cusbada BHB ee jinsiyadeed ay yihiin kuwa ugu caansan, shirkadaha qaar ayaa bilaabay inay soo saaraan oo ay suuq geeyaan kaaboyinka ketone ee ka kooban kaliya foomka D-BHB, oo inta badan loo yaqaan "D-BHB salts" ama "D-BHB esters." Alaabooyinkan waxay ujeedadoodu tahay inay si hufan u bixiyaan faa'iidooyinka jidhka ketone iyagoo si gaar ah u gaarsiinaya isomer-ka noolaha ee firfircoon ee D-BHB. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kaabayaasha D-BHB waxay u muuqdaan kuwo qaali ah marka la barbar dhigo milixyada jinsiyadeed ee BHB sababtoo ah habka wax soo saarka ee kakan ee ku lug leh go'doominta D-BHB isomer.
Maxay tahay sababta aan u isticmaali karo cusbada BHB ee jinsiyadeed marka aan heli karo foomka D-BHB?
Markay timaaddo L-BHB, waxay ka kooban tahay oo keliya qayb yar-qiyaastii 2-3%-ee wadarta wax-soo-saarka BHB inta lagu jiro soonka. Tani waxay keentay malo ah in L-BHB laga yaabo inaysan ku lahayn hawlo muhiim ah jirka. Laakiin cilmi-baadhistu waxay bilowday inay muujiso in L-BHB ay samaynayso wax ka badan in ay sugaan in loo beddelo D-BHB. Waxaa la ogaaday inay ku lug leedahay dheef-shiid kiimikaad waxayna yeelan kartaa doorar ka baxsan inay dhexdhexaad ka noqoto beta-oxidation dufanka.
Tusaale ahaan, daraasad dhowaan la sameeyay ayaa adeegsatay farsamo si loo falanqeeyo oo loo cabbiro qaybinta L-BHB iyo D-BHB isomers ee unugyada kala duwan ee jiirka, labadaba kahor iyo ka dib maamulka kabka ketone-ka jinsiyadeed ee ka kooban labada isomers. Waxay ogaadeen in hal qiyaas sare oo dheeri ah ketone-ka jinsiyadeed oo ay ku jiraan L-BHB iyo D-BHB labaduba ay keeneen koror weyn oo L-BHB ah dhammaan unugyada, gaar ahaan maskaxda.
Dhaqamada unuggu waxay bixiyaan tilmaamo muujinaya in L-BHB ay faa'iido u leedahay dhimista bararka. Waxayna u muuqataa in L-BHB iyo D-BHB si wadajir ah isku mar u wada wareegaan ay gacan ka geysan karto hagaajinta shaqada difaaca.
Weli si buuxda uma ceebayn doono L-BHB inay tahay kabitaanka ketone ka baxsan ee hoose.
Cilmi baaris ayaa wali socota.
Natiijooyinkani waxay muujinayaan in D- iyo L-BHB ay leeyihiin heerar kala duwan oo nuugista iyo qaybinta unugyada iyo kala duwanaanta dheef-shiid kiimikaadka kuwaas oo saameyn muhiim ah ku yeelan kara codsiyada daweynta, iyo cilmi-baaris dheeraad ah waa in ay wax ka qabtaan sida ketonesku u saameeyaan unug kasta si ka duwan.
Pereira, D. (2022, Agoosto 14). Maxaynu ugu baahanahay D-BHB iyo L-BHB labadaba? KetoNafaqada. https://ketonutrition.org/why-do-we-need-both-d-bhb-and-l-bhb/
Ugu Dambeyn
Haddii aad gacantaada ku heli karto qaar ka mid ah D-BHB, horay u soco oo arag haddii aad u aragto inay adiga kaaga fiican tahay L-BHB. Laakiin haddii aadan awoodin, ama aadan awoodin inaad iska bixiso qaab-bio-isku mid ah, ha ka welwelin. Waxaan u isticmaalaa L-BHB waxa aan ka shakiyo in ay yihiin isku dhafka jinsiyadeed, waxaanan u arkaa inay runtii waxtar u leedahay maskaxdayda. Waxaan sidoo kale kula talinayaa dadka aan la shaqeeyo. Waxaana ku faraxsanahay inaan la socdo suugaanta cilmi-baarista ee soo baxda si aan wax badan u barto.
Waxaan rajeynayaa inaad ka heshay boostada blog-ka mid waxtar u leh barashada dhammaan siyaabaha aad ku dareemi karto fiicnaan!
tixraacyada
Cuenoud, B., Hartweg, M., Godin, JP, Croteau, E., Maltais, M., Castellano, CA, … & Cunnane, SC (2020). Dheef-shiid kiimikaad D-beta-hydroxybutyrate, substrate tamar ah oo ay si aad ah u cunaan wadnaha iyo kelyaha. Xannibaadyada Nafaqada, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.00013
Desrochers, SYLVAIN, Dubreuil, PASCAL, Brunet, JULIE, Jette, MANON, David, FRANCE, Landau, BR, & Brunengraber, HENRI (1995). Dheef-shiid kiimikaadka (R, S) -1, 3-butanediol acetoacetate esters, nafaqooyinka waalidnimada iyo galitaanka ee suurtogalka ah ee doofaarka miyirka leh. Joornaalka Maraykanka ee Fiisioloji-Endocrinology iyo Dheef-shiid kiimikaad, 268(4), E660-E667. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1995.268.4.E660
Han, YM, Ramprasath, T., & Zou, MH (2020). β-hydroxybutyrate iyo saamaynta dheef-shiid kiimikaad ee pathology-ga la xidhiidha da'da. Tijaabada & Daawada Molecular, 52(4), 548-555. https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-020-0415-z
Lincoln, BC, Des Rosiers, C., & Brunengraber, H. (1987). Dheef-shiid kiimikaad ee S-3-hydroxybutyrate ee beerka jiirka ee cadarsan. Archives of Biochemistry iyo Biophysics, 259(1), 149-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(87)90480-2
Newman, JC, & Verdin, E. (2017). β-Hydroxybutyrate: dheef-shiid kiimikaad calaamad ah. Dib-u-eegista sanadlaha ah ee nafaqada, 37, 51-76. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064916
Storoschuk, K., & Ari D'Agostino, C. "Maxaynu ugu baahanahay D-BHB iyo L-BHB labadaba?" Nafaqada Keto: Sayniska Codsiga. (Aug 14, 2022). https://ketonutrition.org/why-do-we-need-both-d-bhb-and-l-bhb/
Youm, YH, Nguyen, KY, Grant, RW, Goldberg, EL, Bodogai, M., Kim, D., … & Dixit, VD (2015). Metabolite-ka ketone β-hydroxybutyrate wuxuu xannibaa NLRP3 cudur barar ah oo dhexdhexaad ah oo barar ah. Dawada dabiiciga ah, 21(3), 263-269. https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.3804
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