Cuntada Ketogenic: Habka Aan La Loolan karin ee La-dagaalanka Cudurka Alzheimers
Waqtiga akhriska ee la qiyaasay: 30 daqiiqo
Qoraalka Qoraha: La-taliyaha Caafimaadka Maskaxda ee Shatiga leh oo leh 16 sano oo waayo-aragnimo gaar ah u leh, waxaan lixdii sano ee la soo dhaafay ku qaatay u wareejinta shakhsiyaadka qaba cudurrada dhimirka iyo xanuunnada neerfaha ee ku aaddan cunto ketogenic ah. Qormadan wakhti dheer ayay igu qaadatay, mana hubo sababta. Waxaan u maleynayaa, sida qof ay ka soo gaartay cillad xagga garashada ee taariikhdayda caafimaadka shakhsi ahaaneed, qoraalkani wuxuu dareemay shucuur iyo adagtahay in ujeedo laga yeesho. Maan qabin cudurka Alzheimers (waad mahadsantahay), laakiin waxaan lahaa cillad garaadka qof qaba Marxaladda 1aad cudurka Alzheimers. Sidoo kale, la-taliye caafimaad maskax ahaan, waxaan la fadhiyaa bukaannada kuwaas oo daawanaya kuwa ay jecel yihiin oo ka siibtay xanuunkan awgeed. Cilmi-baadhistu aad bay uga sii fog tahay mawduucan sidii ay ahayd Sebtembar 2021 markii aan bilaabay blog-gan. Si aad u badan si aan kalsooni ugu dareemo caddaynta xoogga leh ee aan sameeyay ee abuurista ciwaanka "Cunnada Ketogenic: Habka Aan La Xidhiidhin ee La-dagaalanka Cudurka Alzheimers." Haddana, wax mindhicirkayga qoto dheer ayaa ii sheegaya in la joogo waqtigii. Waxaan maqaalkan blog u qorayaa rajada ah in qof (sidaada oo kale) heli doono oo uu barto hab awood leh oo si muuqata u gaabiya ama loo joojiyo cudurka cudurkan naftooda ama qof ay jecel yihiin.
Hordhac
Ma geli doono waxa uu yahay cudurka Alzheimers ama heerka fiditaankiisa. Haddii aad booqanayso boostadan, waxay u badan tahay inaad halkan wax ka barato fursadaha daawaynta ee ka wanaagsan, waqtiguna waa nuxurka. Nidaamyada neerfayaasha sida waallida ayaa ah xaalado xasaasi ah waqtiga. Inta aad sugto si aad u daaweyso sababaha hoose, waxaa sii badanaya burburka la sameeyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa muhiim ah in marka hore la helo daawaynta jirta iyo cilladahooda. Aqoontaani waxay kuu ogolaaneysaa inaad ka soo horjeedo iyaga iyo faa'iidooyinka suurtagalka ah ee cuntada ketogenic adiga ama kuwa aad jeceshahay.
Ikhtiyaarada daawaynta hadda ee Alzheimer ma aha wax mugdi ah. Daawooyinka hadda la ansixiyay - sida caadiga ah cholinesterase inhibitors iyo NMDA reseptor antagonists - waxay inta badan ujeedadoodu tahay inay maareeyaan calaamadaha halkii ay wax ka qaban lahaayeen hababka cudurka hoose ee wadista habka neurodegenerative.
Cholinesterase inhibitors sida Donepezil (Aricept), Rivastigmine (Exelon), iyo Galantamine (Razadyne). Daawooyinkani waxay u shaqeeyaan iyagoo hoos u dhigaya burburka acetylcholine, neurotransmitter oo ku lug leh xusuusta iyo garashada, taas oo inta badan ku yar dadka bukaanka Alzheimers. Dhibaatooyinka caadiga ah waxaa ka mid noqon kara lallabbo, matag, iyo shuban.
NMDA reseptors antagonists sida Memantine (Namenda). Daawadani waxay u shaqeysaa iyada oo nidaamisa dhaqdhaqaaqa glutamate, neurotransmitter kale oo door ka ciyaara xusuusta iyo waxbarashada. Dhaqdhaqaaqa dheeraadka ah ee glutamate waxay sababi kartaa dhaawaca gacanta, kaas oo Memantine uu isku dayo inuu ka caawiyo ka hortagga. Waxyeellooyinka iman kara waxaa ka mid ah dawakhaad, madax-xanuun, iyo jahawareer.
Iyadoo daawooyinkani ay ku siin karaan nasasho ku meel gaar ah calaamadaha qaar sida khalkhal xusuusta iyo jahawareerka, waxay inta badan si xun u gaabiyaan joojinta ama xitaa hoos u dhigista horumarka cudurka. Waxaa intaa dheer, daawooyinkani waxay la yimaadaan xaddi badan oo waxyeellooyin ah, oo u dhexeeya lallabbo iyo shuban ilaa khalkhal halis ah oo garaaca wadnaha ah.
Laakiin ka waran ballanqaadka daawooyinka anti-amyloid beta (Aβ)? Kuwaas waxa loo ballan qaaday inay dawo ahaan u yihiin, haddii aynu inyar ka dheerayna, dawadan mucjisada ahi waxay hagaajinaysaa cudurka Alzheimers. Sax?
Ka qaybgalayaasha garashada khafiifka ah ee daciifka ah ee lagu daweeyay dawooyinka ka hortagga Aβ ayaa la saadaaliyay inay dib u celinayaan walxaha maskaxda ku hayaan qiyaasaha maskaxda ee caadiga ah ee Alzheimer waallida ~ 8 bilood ka hor haddii aan la daweyn.
Alves, F., Kalinowski, P., & Ayton, S. (2023). Waayida Mugga Maskaxda ee Degdegga ah ee ay sababtay Dawooyinka Anti-β-Amyloid: Dib-u-eegis Nidaamsan iyo Falanqaynta Meta. neerfaha, 100(20), e2114-e2124. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000207156
Daawooyinkani waxay wax u dhimaan caafimaadka maskaxda ee muddada dheer. Haddaba waa maxay sababta aan adduunka ugu isticmaali lahayn cudurka Alzheimers? Oo maxay tahay sababta dhakhaatiirta neerfayaasha aysan u siinin oggolaansho ku filan bukaanada oo ku saabsan xaddidnaanta iyo khatarta isticmaalka daroogooyinka si ay isugu dayaan inay daweeyaan calaamadaha cudurka Alzheimers? Marka aynu isku dayeyno in aan si ku meel gaar ah u fududeyno calaamadaha, waxa laga yaabaa in aan si badheedh ah uga sii darno habka guud ee cudurka.
Qaybaha soo socda, waxaanu si qoto dheer u sii wadi doonaa hababka cilmu-nafsiga ee ka hooseeya cudurka Alzheimers waxaanan baari doonaa sida cuntada ketogenic ay ula falgeli karto hababkan - iyo sababta aad xaq ugu leedahay inaad wax ka ogaato iyada oo ah daaweyn suurtagal ah adiga ama qof aad jeceshahay. .
Wax ka qabashada Hypometabolism Maskaxda ee Alzheimers: Ka faa'iidaysiga Cuntada Ketogenic
Xudunta u ah cudurka 'Alzheimer's pathology waa dhacdo loo yaqaan hypometabolism maskaxda. Aan si fiican u sharaxo macnaha ereygaas.
Hypometabolism maskaxda waxaa loola jeedaa xaalad hoos u dhac ku yimid dhaqdhaqaaqa dheef-shiid kiimikaadka maskaxda, oo lagu garto hoos u dhaca qaadashada iyo isticmaalka gulukooska - isha tamarta aasaasiga ah ee unugyada maskaxda. Hoos-u-dhaca dheef-shiid kiimikaad ee masiibadu ma aha tamar la'aan, in kasta oo ay taasi wax-yeelo ku filan tahay. Waxay kicisaa saameyn xun oo waxyeello u geysata shaqada neerfaha waxayna carqaladeysaa xiriirka ka dhexeeya unugyada maskaxda.
Neurons aad ayey ugu tiirsan yihiin tamar; xitaa yaraanta tamarta yar waxay si weyn u saameyn kartaa awooddooda shaqo. Iyaga oo aan lahayn awood ay ku isticmaalaan gulukooska shidaalka, waxay noqdaan kuwo ku tayo yar gudbinta calaamadaha, iyo awoodda ay u leeyihiin in ay sameeyaan xiriiro cusub, oo lagama maarmaan u ah barashada iyo xusuusta, waa la wiiqaa. Waqti ka dib, hypometabolism-ka joogtada ah waxay u horseedi kartaa luminta neuron-yada iyo hoos u dhaca mugga maskaxda (maskaxda oo yaraada), labaduba waxay gacan ka geystaan hoos u dhaca garashada iyo soo bixitaanka calaamadaha la xidhiidha xaaladaha sida Cudurka Alzheimers. Sidaa darteed, hypometabolism maskaxdu waxay ka dhigan tahay arrin muhiim ah oo ka mid ah cudurrada neurodegenerative ee kala duwan.
Aan aad u caddeeyo haddii xukunka ugu dambeeya uusan guriga kuugu dhicin.
Tani maaha arrin dood ama muran ka dhex taagan bulshada cilmiga ah. Daraasadaha sawir-qaadista maskaxdu waxay si joogto ah u muujiyeen hoos u dhigidda qaadashada gulukooska ee meelaha qaarkood ee maskaxda Alzheimers. Daraasado badan oo facooda dib loo eegay ayaa ku xidhay hawshan dheef-shiid kiimikaad ee yaraaday iyo hoos u dhaca garashada iyo luminta xusuusta ee lagu garto Cudurka Alzheimers.
Maaha xidhiidh mala awaal ah ama isku xidhid kaliya balse waa arrin si adag loo aasaasay oo ku saabsan cudurka loo yaqaan 'pathology'. Sidaa darteed, hypometabolism maskaxdu maaha saameyn dhinac ama natiijada Alzheimers; waa qayb udub dhexaadka u ah habka cudurka laftiisa.
Marka aad la kulanto caddayntan aan la dafiri karin, beegsiga hypometabolism-ka maskaxda ayaa u soo baxaysa sidii lama huraan, oo lagu doodi karo istaraatijiyad muhiim ah oo lagula tacaalayo Cudurka Alzheimers. Hase yeeshee, inkasta oo ay door muhiim ah ku leedahay horumarka cudurka, hypometabolism maskaxda ayaa weli ah mid aan waxba laga qaban daawooyinka hadda jira ama daaweynta caadiga ah ee daaweynta Cudurka Alzheimers.
Qaab-dhismeedka Maskaxda ee Hypometabolic ee AD
Sidii hore loo sheegay, AD, naafanimada dheef-shiid kiimikaadkan ayaa si gaar ah uga muuqda gobollada maskaxda ee gaarka ah ee muhiimka u ah xusuusta iyo hawlaha garashada. Labada gobol ee inta badan lagu lug leeyahay waa lafaha parietal iyo kiliyaha dambe ee cingulate.
Lafaha parietal, oo ku yaal meel u dhow dhabarka maskaxda, ayaa mas'uul ka ah hawlo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan navigation goobta, dareenka, iyo habaynta luqadda. Laxaad la'aanteedu waxay u horseedi kartaa dhibaatooyin xagga fulinta hawlahan, oo ay u muuqato inay si fudud u luntay, ku dhibtoonaysa inay ilaaliso dareenka, ama ay dhib kala kulanto akhrinta ama fahamka hadalka.
Kortex-ka dambe ee cingulate, oo laga helo bartamaha maskaxda, ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaara soo celinta xusuusta iyo xakameynta garashada. Khalkhal la'aanta meeshan waxay gacan ka geysan kartaa dhibaatooyinka dib u soo celinta macluumaadka iyo go'aan qaadashada, kuwaas oo ah calaamadaha lagu garto AD.
Maaddaama awoodda gobolladan ay si wax ku ool ah uga faa'iidaysan karaan gulukoosta ay hoos u dhacayso, sidoo kale awooddooda ay ku qabtaan hawlahan muhiimka ah ayaa hoos u dhacaya, iyagoo si weyn uga qayb qaadanaya hoos u dhaca garashada ee lagu arkay AD.
Laakiin ma rabo inaan ku siiyo aragti ah inay tahay dhawr meelood oo maskaxda ka mid ah oo ku noqda hypometabolic cudurka Alzheimers.
Cudurka Alzheimers, hypometabolism maskaxdu kuma koobna meel keliya, laakiin waxay u muuqataa si horumarsan, oo saameynaysa gobollo kala duwan waqti ka dib. In kasta oo ay run tahay in lafaha parietal iyo kiliyaha dambe ee cingulate ay ka mid yihiin kuwa ugu horreeya uguna daran, marka uu cudurku sii socdo, meelaha kale ee maskaxda ayaa sidoo kale la kulma qaadashada gulukooska iyo isticmaalka.
Waxaa xusid mudan, xuubka hore, fadhiga fulinta shaqadeena sida go'aan qaadashada, xalinta dhibaatada, iyo xakamaynta shucuureed, ugu dambeyntii waxay noqotaa hypometabolic marxaladaha dambe ee cudurka. Hoos-u-dhaca dheef-shiid kiimikaadka ee lafaha hore wuxuu u horseedi karaa isbeddello dabeecadeed, garsoorid daciif ah, iyo dhibaatooyin xagga fulinta hawlaha caadiga ah.
Laakiin dhibaatada hypometabolism maskaxdu halkaas kuma eka.
Maskaxda AD, gulukooska hypometabolism
Kalani, K., Chaturvedi, P., Chaturvedi, P., Verma, VK, Lal, N., Awasthi, SK, & Kalani, A. (2023). Hababka mitochondrial ee cudurka Alzheimers: raadinta daaweynta. Helitaanka Daawooyinka Maanta, 103547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103547
inta badan waxaa loo aaneynayaa dheef-shiid kiimikaad tamarta oo hoos u dhacday… taas oo tusinaysa in cillad la'aanta mitochondrial ay u badan tahay inay qayb weyn ka qaadato horumarka AD.
Cudurka Alzheimers, hypometabolism maskaxdu waxay si qarsoodi ah ugu faaftaa meel ka baxsan aaggii hore ee ay saamaysay, si tartiib tartiib ah u dhufato dhammaan kortex maskaxda, lakabka sare ee maskaxda oo loo xilsaaray hawlo sare-sare. Muhiimad gaar ah ayaa ah lobe ku meel gaar ah, oo hoy u ah hippocampus — xudunta xusuusta maskaxda. Marka dhaqdhaqaaqa dheef-shiid kiimikaadka uu sii yaraanayo gobolladan, calaamadaha la xidhiidha Alzheimers, sida lumista xusuusta, ayaa si isa soo taraysa u muuqda. Baahsanaanta khalkhalka dheef-shiid kiimikaadkan ayaa hoosta ka xariiqaya muhiimada muhiimka ah ee la dagaalanka arrintan si toos ah.
Marka loo eego daabacaad ka soo baxday Xarunta Qaranka ee Macluumaadka Bayoolaji (NCBI), cilmi-baarayaashu waxay arkeen hoos u dhac ku yimid isticmaalka gulukooska ee gobollo gaar ah oo maskaxda ah, taas oo muujinaysa hypometabolism maskaxda. Dhacdadani waxay dhacdaa ugu yaraan 15 sano (laga yaabo 30) ka hor inta aan si aad ah ugu filnayn muujinta calaamadaha la xidhiidha cudurka Alzheimers. Iyadoo ay jirto suurtogalnimada isticmaalka sawirka maskaxda iyo falanqaynta dareeraha laf-dhabarka si loo qiimeeyo khatarta cudurka Alzheimers toban sano ama ka badan ka hor inta aan la arkin calaamadaha caadiga ah, oo ay ku jiraan cillad maskaxeed oo khafiif ah, ha filanin dhakhtarkaagu inuu bixiyo heerkan baaritaanka wakhti kasta si dhakhso ah. . Hadda, rugta caafimaadku kama qaadato calaamadahaaga garashada hore si dhab ah oo ku filan si ay u bixiyaan.
Nasiib wanaag waxaanu haynaa cuntada ketogenic-macnaha daawaynta maskaxda ee dheef-shiid kiimikaadka.
Keenista xaalad ketosis ah waxay ka beddeshaa isha tamarta jirka gulukoos ilaa acids dufanka leh, kuwaas oo u jajaban jirka ketone, sida beta-hydroxybutyrate iyo acetoacetate.
Awoodda maydadka ketone si ay u dejiyaan dheef-shiid kiimikaadka tamarta mitirka ayaa ka dhigaya wakiil dhexdhexaadin ku habboon.
Sridharan, B., & Lee, MJ (2022). Cunto Ketogenic ah: Hal-abuur neuroprotective oo rajo leh oo lagu maareeyo cudurrada Alzheimers iyo hababkeeda cudurrada. Daawooyinka Molecular ee Hadda, 22(7), 640-656. https://doi.org/10.2174/1566524021666211004104703
Laba ka mid ah ketones, beta-hydroxybutyrate iyo acetoacetate, ayaa si qosol leh ugu hufan inay ka gudbaan dheef-shiid kiimikaadka gulukooska ee maskaxda. Waxa si degdeg ah oo hufan u qaadi kara unugyada maskaxdu si ay shidaal u helaan, si ay dib ugu soo nooleeyaan tamarta maskaxda.
Labada β-HB iyo acetoacetate bypass glycolysis labadaba si loo yareeyo acetyl-CoA, taas oo markaa loo gudbin karo wareegga Krebs, oo sidaas awgeed kordhin karta helitaanka tamarta maskaxda. AD, qaadashada ketone maskaxdu waa mid aan waxba u dhimayn, taas oo ka dhigaysa KB-yada ilo tamar beddel ah oo macquul ah.
Zhu, H., Bi, D., Zhang, Y., Kong, C., Du, J., Wu, X., … & Qin, H. (2022). Cunto ketogenic ah oo loogu talagalay cudurrada bini'aadamka: hababka asaasiga ah iyo suurtagalnimada hirgelinta bukaan-socodka. Beddelka Calaamadaha iyo Daaweynta La Beegsado, 7(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-021-00831-w
Waxaas oo dhan ma la dareemaya aragti? Walwal ma leh. Waxaan kugu dhiirigelinayaa inaad daawato muuqaalkan maskaxdu si dhab ah u iftiiminaysa tamar ka dib faleebo kaliya mid ka mid ah jidhka ketone ee daraasad cilmi baaris ah.
Laakiin waxaa laguu sheegay in maskaxdu ay u baahan tahay gulukoos! Maxaa igu dhici doona aniga ama qofka aan jeclahay haddii aan ka jarno karbohaydraytyada sidaas u hooseeya? Maskaxdaadu waxay samaysaa dhammaan gulukoosta jidhkaagu u baahan yahay gluconeogenesis, kaas oo ku siinaya qadarka saxda ah iyo jadwalka. Dhab ahaantii, cunista karbohaydraytyo badan ayaa laga yaabaa inay gacan ka geysato abuurista dhibaatada hypometabolism maskaxda si ay u bilawdo.
Marka adiga ama qofka aad jeceshahay ay xaddidaan qaadashada karbohaydraytkaaga muddo dheer, jidhku wuxuu isticmaali doonaa labadaba dufanka cuntada ee aad cuntid iyo baruurta ay ka gubto jidhka si ay u soo saaraan ketones. Haddii qof ay hayso nafaqo-xumo ama uu leeyahay miisaan hoose, waxay la macno tahay in aanu kordhinayno qaadashada dufanka cuntada si aanu tamarta kor ugu qaadno oo aanu u yaraynno awoodda dhimista miisaan kasta.
β-Hydroxybutyrate (βOHB), oo ah jirka ketone, ayaa oksaydh u ah sida shidaalka maskaxda.
Achanta, LB, & Rae, CD (2017). β-Hydroxybutyrate ee maskaxda: hal molecule, habab badan. Cilmi-baarista neurochemical, 42, 35-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-016-2099-2
Maadaama aan ka hadlayno dheef-shiid kiimikaadka maskaxda iyo tamarta maskaxda, waxaan u baahanahay inaad ogaato in cuntooyinka ketogenic aysan kaliya badbaadin tamarta maskaxda iyadoo la siinayo ilo kale oo shidaal ah. Waxay sidoo kale yihiin unugyo tilmaamaya molecular.
Iyo sida ay taasi khuseyso tamarta, waa in aad ogaataa in ay u leexiyaan dariiqyada hidda-socodka taas oo u oggolaanaysa mitochondria badan (dhirta tamarta unugyada) in la abuuro oo sidoo kale u oggolaanaysa kuwa hadda jira (mitochondria) inay si hufan u shaqeeyaan oo ay si fiican u shaqeeyaan. Sida aad qiyaasi karto, tani waxay leedahay faa'iido badan oo faa'iido leh oo hoos u dhacda iyo saameyn bogsiineed oo loogu talagalay maskaxda halganka ku jirta ee Alzheimers oo la halgameysa wax soo saarka tamarta.
Si joogto ah, jidhka ketone wuxuu ilaaliyaa mitochondria iyo doorka ay ku leeyihiin homeostasis tamarta gacanta
Dilliraj, LN, Schiuma, G., Lara, D., Strazzabosco, G., Clement, J., Giovannini, P., … & Rizzo, R. (2022). Kobcinta ketosis: saamaynta suurtagalka ah ee xaaladaha caafimaad Nafaqooyinka, 14(17), 3613. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173613
Iyo wanaaggayga, miyaanay tan kaliya ee saamaynta cuntooyinka ketogenic awood u yeelanaysa inay saxdo hypometabolism maskaxda inay noqon doonto ilaah kale? Saamayntan kaliya miyaanay noqon doonin daaweyn ka wanaagsan dhammaan daawooyinka aan hadda u isticmaalno heerka daryeelka? Haa! Waxaa gabi ahaanba lahaa. Waxaanan kaga tagi lahaa maqaalkan oo aan kuu soo diri lahaa jidkaaga xagga bogsashadaada (ama kuwa kuwa aad jeceshahay). Laakiin dhab ahaantii waxaa jira saameyno dheeraad ah oo cuntada ketogenic ay bixiso kuwaas oo aad u qalabaysan hoos u dhigista ama joojinta horumarka cudurka Alzheimers. Waxaan rabaa in aad wada taqaanid.
Akhriska sii wad.
Cadaadiska Oxidative ee Cudurka Alzheimers: Isticmaalka Awoodda Ketogenic
Iyadoo la tixgelinayo daciifnimada shaqada mitochondrial waa darawalka cadaadiska oksaydhka (OS), waa inay la yaabto in cadaadiska oksaydhiyuhu uu qayb ka yahay waxa keena habka cudurka ee cudurka Alzheimers (AD).
Runtii, caddaymo la taaban karo ayaa soo jeedinaya in OS uu dhaco ka hor muuqaalka calaamadaha AD iyo in waxyeelada oksaydhisku aan lagu ogaan oo keliya gobollada maskaxda ee nugul laakiin sidoo kale meelaha durugsan.
Sharma, C., & Kim, SR (2021). Isku xirka cadaadiska oksaydhka iyo borotiinka ee cudurka Alzheimers. antioksidanter, 10(8), 1231. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081231
Kuwa ku cusub ereygan, cadaadiska oksaydhiyuhu waxa uu qeexayaa isku dheelitir la'aanta ka dhacda jidhkeena inta u dhaxaysa molecules waxyeellada leh ee loo yaqaan noocyada ogsijiinta falcelinta (ROS) iyo awooddayada aan isaga difaacno. Ma noolaan kartid oo ma samayn kartid ROS, maadaama ay yihiin qayb caadi ah oo ka mid ah dheef-shiid kiimikaadka, laakiin maskaxda Alzheimers, cadaadiska oksaydhiyuhu wuxuu ka baxaa jaantusyada, iyo awood la'aanta maskaxdu inay la dagaallanto waxay keenaysaa horumarka cudurka, taasoo keenta dhaawac soo gaara neerfayaashayada. proteins, iyo DNA. Waxyeelladani waa waxa aan u tixraacno diiqada oksaydhka. Laakin muxuu u egyahay diiqada oksaydhiyuhu marka ay maskaxda ka dhacdo? Waxay u egtahay peroxidation lipid iyo borotiinka oo qaldamay.
Darawalada Cadaadiska Oxidative ee Alzheimers
Lipid peroxidation waa mid ka mid ah natiijooyinka ugu badan ee diiqada oksaydhka. Aad bay u burburisaa neurons-yada sababtoo ah xuubabka balaasmaha waxaa ku jira xaddi badan oo asiidh dufan ah oo polyunsaturated ah. Asiidhada dufanka leh ee polyunsaturated waxay u nugul yihiin oksaydhka. Habkani wuxuu beddelaa sifooyinka xuubka unugga, wuxuu saameeyaa dareeraha, qulqulka, iyo shaqada borotiinnada ku xiran xuubka. Tani waxay keenaysaa hawlaha muhiimka ah ee neerfayaasha iyo awoodda neerfayaasha inay la xiriiraan midba midka kale.
Oksidida borotiinku waxay keenaysaa beddelka qaabdhismeedka borotiinka iyo shaqada. Tani waxay carqaladayn kartaa dhaqdhaqaaqa ensaymka iyo shaqada soo-dhowaynta, waxay joojinaysaa neerfayaasha 'habsocodka biochemical iyo dheef-shiid kiimikaadka caadiga ah.
Maxaan ku aragnaa maskaxda Alzheimer, oo la halgamaysa xaddi badan oo diiqad oksaydh ah?
Cadaadiska Oxidative wuxuu ka sii dari karaa soosaarka amyloid-beta iyo ururinta. Peptide-kani wuxuu keligiis u keeni karaa walbahaarka oksaydhka, isaga oo abuuraya wareeg xun oo dhaawac ah. Waxaa intaa dheer, borotiinada iyo lipids-ka dhaawacan ee oksaydhisku waxay u nugul yihiin inay sameeyaan isku-darka, taas oo ka sii dari karta samaynta amyloid-beta plaques.
Doorka cadaadiska oksaydhisku wuxuu sidoo kale ka muuqdaa hyperphosphorylation ee tau, sifo kale oo Alzheimers ah. Marka la eego xaaladaha diiqada oksaydhka, waxaa kordhay firfircoonida dhowr kinases (enzymes kuwaas oo ku daraya kooxaha phosphate borotiinnada kale), taas oo u horseedi karta tau hyperphosphorylation. Hyperphosphorylated tau waxay aad ugu nugul tahay isu-ururinta, taasoo keenta sameynta tangle neurofibrillary, calaamad kale oo AD.
Intaa waxaa dheer, diiqada oksaydhisku waxay u horseedi kartaa dhimashada neerfayaasha AD iyada oo loo marayo habka loo yaqaan apoptosis ama dhimashada unugyada barnaamijka. Soo-gaadhista daba-dheer ee diiqada oksaydhisku waxay kicin kartaa dariiqan, taasoo horseedaysa luminta neuron-yada iyo inay ka sii daraan calaamadaha garashada.
Proteinopathy iyo soosaarka xad-dhaafka ah ee noocyada ogsijiinta falcelinta (ROS), kuwaas oo ah astaamaha ugu muhiimsan ee lagu arkay maskaxda cudurka Alzheimers (AD), waxay gacan ka geystaan sunta neerfaha.
Sharma, C., & Kim, SR (2021). Isku xirka cadaadiska oksaydhka iyo borotiinka ee cudurka Alzheimers. antioksidanter, 10(8), 1231. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081231
Aan mar kale idhaahdo, si kale, haddii ay taasi guriga kugu soo dhici waydo.
Cadaadiska Oxidative kaliya maaha inuu door ka ciyaaro cudurka Alzheimers. Kani kaliya maaha xidhiidh urureed laga helay suugaanta sayniska. Cadaadiska Oxidative ee maskaxda Alzheimer waa xoog xoog badan oo khiyaano leh oo si firfircoon u wadda horumarka iyo horumarka cudurka. Xukunkeeda aan la xakameynin waxay kicisaa oo dardargelisaa hoos u dhaca maskaxda, si aan kala joogsi lahaynna uga sii darto xumaanshaha calaamad u ah cudurka Alzheimers.
Cadaadiska oksaydhiyaha ee aan la xakameynin ayaa kexeeya dhacdooyinka kiimikaad ee neerfaha taasoo horseedda sameynta astaamaha astaamaha Alzheimers: amyloid-beta plaques iyo tau tangles.
Waa maxay sababta cadaadiska oksaydhisku aan loo xakamaynin maskaxda Alzheimers? Sababtoo ah daawoyinka aan u horumarino cudurka ayaan ku noqonin kuwo ku filan silsiladda sababaha si ay noo siiyaan wax aan rajeyneyno. Ma hagaajiyaan tamarta maskaxda. Iyagu kama hadlaan qulqulka cadaadiska oksaydhka ee ku yimaada xaalado badan oo cudurka Alzheimers ah oo ka yimaada dhibaatada tamarta maskaxda.
Nasiib wanaag, waxaan haysanaa cuntada ketogenic si aan uga caawino la dagaalanka diiqada oksaydhka ee maskaxda cudurka Alzheimers.
Laakiin waa maxay hababka ay cuntada ketogenic ku fulinayso tan?
Cuntooyinka Ketogenic waxay yareeyaan Cadaadiska Oxidative
Marka hore, kordhinta tamarta maskaxda iyo hagaajinta tirada mitochondrial iyo shaqada taas oo qayb ka ah cuntada ketogenic, waa faa'iido weyn si loola dagaallamo diiqada oksaydhka. Neurons waxay u baahan yihiin tamar si ay u qabtaan shaqada aasaasiga ah iyo ilaalinta guriga ee unugyada! Intee in le'eg ayaad ku qabtaa shaqadaada ama shaqadaada marka aadan tamar lahayn? Aad uma fiicna? Arrimuhu way is urursadaan, oo alaabtu si dhib leh ayaa loo dhammaystiray ama si fiican looma qaban? Dhab ahaantii. Maskaxdaadu waxay u baahan tahay samatabbixinta tamarta ka dhacda cuntada ketogenic si ay u ilaaliso diiqada oksaydhka ee hubinta oo ay maamusho dheelitirka u dhexeeya diiqada oksaydhka iyo ROS ee maskaxda.
β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), oo ah jirka ketone aasaasiga ah ee la soo saaray intii lagu jiray ketosis, ayaa la ogaaday inuu leeyahay sifooyinka antioxidant. Hoos u dhigista ROS waxaa lagu gaaraa iyadoo kor loo qaado waxtarka silsiladda gaadiidka elektaroonigga ah ee mitochondria, yaraynta dheecaanka elektaroonigga ah iyo, ka dib samaynta ROS. Hoos u dhigista guud ahaan wax soo saarka ROS, BHB waxay si aan toos ahayn u yarayn kartaa culayska walbahaarka oksaydhka.
Laakiin cuntada ketogenic waxay leedahay habab kale oo awood leh oo ay ka caawiso dhimista cadaadiska oksaydhka. Cuntooyinka ketogenic ayaa la muujiyay inay awood u leeyihiin inay kordhiyaan endogenous awood leh (oo lagu sameeyay jirkeena) antioxidant loo yaqaan glutathione (GSH).
Si wada jir ah, natiijadu waxay muujinaysaa in KD-ku-hagaliyo biosynthesis GSH, waxay wanaajisaa heerka antioxidant mitochondrial, oo ay ka ilaaliso mtDNA waxyeelada oksidatu keentay.
Jarrett, SG, Milder, JB, Liang, LP, & Patel, M. (2008). Cunnada ketogenic waxay kordhisaa heerarka glutathione mitochondrial. Joornaalka neurochemistry, 106(3), 1044-1051. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05460.x
Korodhka wax soo saarka glutathione ee aan ku aragno cuntada ketogenic waxay u badan tahay sababtoo ah ketosis waxay kor u qaadaa wax soo saarka NADPH, coenzyme kaas oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara dib u soo kabashada glutathione. Marka unugyadu ay helaan sahay ku filan oo NADPH ah, waxay si hufan u beddeli karaan glutathione oksaydhka ah (GSSG) dib ugu noqoshada qaabkeeda la dhimay, ee firfircoon (GSH), si ay u ilaaliso difaac adag oo antioxidant ah.
… kordhinta soosaarka antioxidants (tusaale GSH) iyo ka-qaadista enzymes kuwaas oo laga yaabo inay muhiim u yihiin dhexdhexaadinta saamaynta ilaalinta ee KD.
Milder, J., & Patel, M. (2012). Beddelka cadaadiska oksaydhiyaha iyo shaqada mitochondrial ee cuntada ketogenic. Cilmi-baarista suuxdinta, 100(3), 295-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.09.021
Iyadoo la taageerayo wax soo saarka iyo dib-u-soo-nooleynta glutathione, BHB waxay gacan ka geysataa ilaalinta barkadda firfircoon ee glutathione ee la dhimay oo diyaar u ah inay ka takhalusto ROS waxayna yareysaa cadaadiska oksaydhka iyagoo soo bandhigaya sifooyinkeeda madax-bannaan ee antioxidant. Xidhiidhka asymbiotic ee u dhexeeya BHB iyo glutathione wuxuu u adeegaa si loo xoojiyo difaacayaasha antioxidant, gaar ahaan muhiim u ah maskaxda halkaas oo diiqada oksaydhisku ay ku yeelan karto saameyn xun.
Maxaynaan u isticmaalin cuntada ketogenic difaac safka hore ah oo ka dhan ah burburka diiqada oksaydhka? Maxay tani u noqon la'dahay daawaynta awoodda badan ee doorashada, gaar ahaan marka la eego macnaha guud ee saamaynta xun ee aan ku filnayn ee horumarka cudurka Alzheimers ee loo bixiyo sidii heerkayaga daryeelka hadda?
Isku soo wada duuboo daraasado hore oo caafimaad iyo kuwo caafimaad ayaa muujiyay in KD ay faa'iido u leedahay AD. Hababka hoose ee suurtogalka ah waxaa ka mid ah shaqada mitochondrial oo wanaajiyay, hagaajinta halabuurka microbiota ee mindhicirka, iyo hoos u dhigista neuroinflammation iyo walbahaarka oksida.
Xu, Y., Zheng, F., Zhong, Q., & Zhu, Y. (2023). Cunto Ketogenic ah oo ah Farogelin aan Daroogo ahayn oo Ballanqaad ah oo loogu talagalay Cudurka Alzheimers: Farsamooyinka iyo Saamaynta Caafimaadka. Wargeyska Cudurka Alzheimers, (Preprint), 1-26. https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-alzheimers-disease/jad230002
Miyaysan samatabbixinta tamarta maskaxda ku jirin ilo shidaal oo kale, korodhka biogenesis mitochondrial, iyo hagaajinta guryaha antioxidant si loo yareeyo walbahaarka oksaydhisku ku filnaado in loo magacaabo daawaynta dheef-shiid kiimikaadka maskaxda sida daaweynta sanadka ee waallida? Waxay noqon lahayd. Laakiin rumayso ama ha rumaysan, waxaa jira saameyno badan oo pleiotropic ah oo cunto ketogenic ah oo aad rabto inaad wax ka ogaato.
Isku-dheellitir la'aanta neerfayaasha ee Alzheimers: Saamaynta Keto
Daawooyinka farageliya kaliya dheelitirka neurotransmitter iyo heerka shaqada ayaa ah, si daacad ah, ka maqan kaynta geedaha. Waxay diiradda saarayaan wax soo saarka dhammaadka geeddi-socod dheer, oo qulqulaya iyada oo aan wax laga qaban cilladaha kor u kaca ee mitochondria, dheef-shiid kiimikaadka, iyo xakamaynta cadaadiska oksaydhka ee sii hurinaya horumarka pathological ee cudurka Alzheimers. Laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa inaad wax ka ogaato sida cuntada ketogenic ay uga caawin karto arrimaha neurotransmitter-ka ee aan aragno inay ku horumareen Alzheimers, markaa aan sii wadno waxbarashada!
Markaa aynu dib ugu noqono dib u eegis aan waxtar lahayn daawooyinka diirada saaraya dhibaatooyinka neurotransmitter ee lagu arkay cudurka Alzheimers laakiin sidoo kale hore u sii wad fahamkayaga ku saabsan sida cuntada ketogenic ay tahay ikhtiyaarka ugu sarreeya ee lagula tacaalayo marka ay dhacaan.
Gacanta ku hay Glutamate-kaaga
Xasuusnoow akhrintaada hore ee qoraalkan in NMDA antagonistayaasha soo dhaweynta sida Memantine (Namenda) ay yihiin dawooyin loo qoray isku dayga lagu xakameynayo dhaqdhaqaaqa glutamate. Waa sidaas oo kale cuntada ketogenic waxay leedahay saameyn xoog leh iyada oo aan lahayn waxyeellooyin.
Waxaa la arkay in acetone iyo β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) ay u dhaqmaan sida glutamate inhibitors ee NMDA reseptor, gaar ahaan muujinta waxqabadka ay muujisay βHB
Pflanz, NC, Daszkowski, AW, James, KA, & Mihic, SJ (2019). Habaynta jirka Ketone ee kanaalada ligand-gated ion channels. Neuropharmacology, 148, 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.12.013
Maxaynu uga faa'iidaysan waynay cuntada ketogenic ujeedadan oo aan uga fogaan lahayn waxyeelada dawakhaad, madax-xanuun, iyo jahawareer kuwaas oo qayb ka ah daawooyinkan?
KD waxay ku siin kartaa faa'iidooyin daweyn bukaanada qaba dhibaatooyinka neerfaha iyadoo si wax ku ool ah u xakameynaysa dheelitirka u dhexeeya hababka pro- iyo antioxidant iyo pro-excitatory iyo neurotransmitters-horta
Pietrzak, D., Kasperek, K., Rękawek, P., & Piątkowska-Chmiel, I. (2022). Doorka daaweynta ee cuntada ketogenic ee xanuunada neerfaha. Nafaqooyinka, 14(9), 1952. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091952
Cuntooyinka Ketogenic Modulate GABA
Ma ahan wax ku saabsan dhimista heerarka sunta ah ee glutamate, in kastoo. Waxaa loo baahan yahay in la isku dheellitiro inta u dhexeysa glutamate neurotransmitter kacsan iyo gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Mid ka mid ah saameynta ugu weyn ee cuntada ketogenic ee kiimikada maskaxda waxaa ku jira (GABA), neurotransmitter asaasiga ah ee maskaxda. Cilmi baaris ayaa muujisay in jirka ketone uu kordhin karo wax soo saarka maskaxda ee GABA. Tani waxay khusaysaa cudurka Alzheimers sababtoo ah calaamadaha GABAergic waxaa badanaa lagu dhibaa bukaannada Alzheimers, iyo hagaajinta codka GABAergic waxay gacan ka geysan kartaa dib u soo celinta isku dheelitirnaanta shabakadaha neerfaha ee uu carqaladeeyay cudurka.
Tani waxay keenaysaa kororka wax soo saarka ATP iyo isbeddelada isku-dhafka β-aminobutyric acid (GABA: neurotransmitter-ka ugu awoodda badan) iyo glutamate (neurotransmitter-ka ugu weyn).
Murakami, M., & Togni, P. (2022). Hababka molecular ee ka hooseeya sifooyinka noole ee cuntada ketogenic. Nafaqooyinka, 14(4), 782. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14040782
Sidoo kale, xusuusnow in hordhaca, waxaan ka wada hadalnay isticmaalka fasalka daawooyinka loo yaqaan 'Cholinesterase inhibitors'. Ujeedada dawooyinkani waxay ahayd inay hoos u dhigto burburka acetylcholine, neurotransmitter oo inta badan ku yaraada bukaanka Alzheimers.
Laakiin waxa ku saabsan Acetylcholine?
Acetylcholine waa neurotransmitter oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara xusuusta iyo waxbarashada waxaana si gaar ah u yaraaday cudurka Alzheimers. Iyadoo cuntada ketogenic aysan si toos ah u kordhin heerarka acetylcholine, waxay taageertaa caafimaadka maskaxda si ay u caawiso ilaalinta shaqada acetylcholine. Iyadoo la dhimayo cadaadiska oksaydhka iyo taageeridda shaqada mitochondrial, cuntada ketogenic waxay ka ilaalisaa neerfayaasha cholinergic (neurons isticmaala acetylcholine si ay u gudbiyaan calaamadaha) dhaawaca.
Markaa ogaanshaha in cadaadiska oksaydhka iyo mitochondria dhaawacan ay wax u dhimi karto sii-deynta acetylcholine iyo reseptors, ka waran inaan si weyn u wanaajino shaqada mitochondrial oo aan hoos u dhigno diiqada oksaydhka iyada oo loo marayo hababka xoogga leh ee ku dhex jira cuntada ketogenic? Waxaan ka shakisanahay in aan ku aragno heerarka acetylcholine oo soo fiicnaaday bukaannada Alzheimers iyada oo aan waxyeellooyinka caadiga ah ee lallabbo, matag, iyo shuban.
Fududeynta Neuroinflammation ee Cudurka Alzheimers: Saamaynta Daweynta ee Ketosis
Neuroinflammation wuxuu dhacaa marka habka difaacaagu isku dayayo inuu maskaxdaada ka ilaaliyo caabuqa, dhaawaca, ama ururinta borotiinka aan caadiga ahayn. Marka jawaabta difaacu ay kacdo maskaxda, microglia iyo astrocytes waxay si firfircoon u weeraraan khatarta. Oo markay weeraraan khatarta, way soo baxaan oo waxay sii daayaan farabadan cytokines bararka. Oo sida dagaalka oo kale, rasaasta qaar ayaa si aan sax ahayn u dul wareegaysa, waxaana dhici doonta khasaare damiin ah.
Haddii heerarka cadaadiska oksaydhiyuhu si fiican loo maareeyo, maskaxdu waxay dib u dhisi kartaa oo dib u hagaajin kartaa habkan; haddii kale, ma aha. Oo habkan, neuroinflammation waxay ka caawisaa wadista hababka neurodegenerative.
Marka xanuunka neuroinflammation uu noqdo mid daba-dheeraaday oo aan xasilloonayn, waxay macno ahaan beddeli doontaa sida ay u dhaqmaan microglia-yadan (morphology) oo ka dhigaya inay aad u "farxaan" oo ay u dagaallamaan hab-dhaqankooda ku aaddan la tacaalidda weerarrada. Marka xaaladan aadka u firfircooni ku jirto, microglia waxay bilaabi doontaa inay wax cunto oo ay burburiso neerfayaasha kaliya ee buka oo la badbaadin lahaa!
Waxaad qiyaasi kartaa sida habdhiska difaaca oo si liidata u shaqeeyo, jabka dhiiga-maskaxda xannibaadda (BBB) oo aan awoodin inuu ilaaliyo maskaxda, ama heerarka sare ee cadaadiska oksaydhiyaha ay sabab u tahay gulukooska hypometabolism (tamar maskaxeed oo liita) ama yaraanta nafaqeeyayaalka yar ayaa dhamaantood wada kicin aan joogsi lahayn ee neuroinflammation. . Oo aan la yaab lahayn, waxay gacan ka geysan kartaa horumarinta iyo horumarinta cudurrada neurodegenerative, oo ay ku jiraan cudurka Alzheimers.
Neuroinflammation waa mid ka mid ah astaamaha asaasiga ah ee cudurka Alzheimers.
Thakur, S., Dhapola, R., Sarma, P., Medhi, B., & Reddy, DH (2023). Neuroinflammation ee cudurka Alzheimers: horumarka hadda jira ee calaamadaha molecular iyo daaweynta. caabuq, 46(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-022-01721-1
Haddii aad weli dareemayso wax yar oo jahawareer ah oo ku saabsan kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya neuroinflammation iyo stress oksida iyo sida ay ula xiriiraan, waxaad ka heli kartaa maqaalkan hoose mid waxtar leh.
Ka hor inta aynaan u gelin hababka ay cuntada ketogenic ku yarayso caabuqa neuroinflammation, aynu dib u eegno fahamkeena ilaa hadda.
Ketones waxay shidaan maskaxda waxayna badbaadiyaan tamarta maskaxda. Haddii maskaxdu ay tamar darteed u gaajoonayso, waxa ay noqotaa culays iyo kacsanaan. Cadaadiska Oxidative-ku wuxuu soo maraa saqafka sare, nafaqeeyayaalka yar yarna wuxuu noqdaa mid gabaabsi ah oo isku dayaya inuu wax hubiyo. Neurotransmitters waxay noqdaan kuwo isku dheelitiran (iyo neurotoxic dheelitir la'aanta; xusuusnow Glutamate?), iyo daaweeyayaasha neurotransmitter-ka ayaa jebiya oo carqaladeeya waddooyinka isgaarsiinta ee looga baahan yahay ilaalinta iyo shaqada. Neuroinflammation wuxuu dhacaa oo wuxuu ku dhashaa hab-celin jawaab celin ah oo aan joogsi lahayn wuxuuna gaaraa xaalad dabadheeraad ah oo maskaxda ah.
Waxaan sidoo kale baranay in jirka ketone uu kor u qaadi karo awoodda antioxidant ee maskaxda si toos ah iyo si dadban. Oo haddii ay taasi ahayd, miyay faa'iidooyinka cuntada ketogenic la joojiyay? Haddii ay taasi ahayd "dhammaan" cuntada ketogenic waxay bixin kartaa habka maskaxda neerfayaasha sida cudurka Alzheimers, miyaanay taasi ku filnayn? Miyaynaan aad u nafisnayn inay jiraan wax ka caawinaya dhammaan hababkaas inay horumariyaan?
Waan jeclaan lahayn! Anaguna waxaan nahay! Laakiin kuwani maahan hababka kaliya ee cuntada ketogenic ka caawiso la dagaallanka neuroinflammation. Boostada balooggani waxay ku joogsan kartaa halkaas. Laakiin runtii waxaan rabaa inaad fahanto saamaynta badan ee pleiotropic ee cuntada ketogenic ku leedahay caafimaadka maskaxda, sidaa darteed waxaan ugu dambeyntii ka heli karaa madaxyada qof walba inaanan haysan daawooyin sameeya xitaa qayb ka mid ah tan!
Taming Microglia: Dheefta Ketogenic Faa'iidada Dareemaha ee Aan La Arag
Sidii hore looga hadlay, unugyada microglial waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan xanuunka neuroinflammation.
Neuroinflammation waxay la xiriirtaa firfircoonida microglia iyo kordhinta sii deynta qodobbada caabuqa sida buro necrosis factor (TNF), interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6) iyo xagjirnimada xorta ah, taas oo keeni karta cillad horumarsan ama dhimashada unugyada maskaxda.
Pietrzak, D., Kasperek, K., Rękawek, P., & Piątkowska-Chmiel, I. (2022). Doorka Daawaynta ee Cuntada Ketogenic ee Xanuunada Neerfaha. Nafaqooyinka, 14 (9), 1952. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091952
Keto: Maamulaha sare ee Wadooyinka caabuqa
Waxaa jira habab badan oo kala duwan oo ay cuntada ketogenic la dagaallanto bararka, waxayna saameyn ku leedahay sida jirka calaamadaha molecular ee waddooyinka bararka kala duwan runtii waa mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu cajiibsan dhammaantood!
Saamaynta cuntada Ketogenic ee NLRP3 barar
Marka hore, BHB (mid ka mid ah jidhka ketone ee lagu sameeyay cuntada ketogenic) waxay joojisaa wax la yiraahdo caabuqa NLRP3. Kani waa kakan borotiin ah oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara falcelinta difaaca jirka iyo caabuqa. Marka ay firfircoonaato microglia iyo noocyada kale ee unugyada, waxay kicisaa sii-deynta cytokines pro-inflammatory sida IL-1β iyo IL-18, kuwaas oo gacan ka geysta hababka bararka ee jirka.
Cuntooyinka ketogenic waxay door ka ciyaaraan joojinta habkan. Iyadoo la joojinayo bararka NLRP3, BHB waxay kaa caawinaysaa yaraynta sii-deynta cytokines-ka-bararka waxayna hoos u dhigtaa jawaabta bararka.
Waxaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey in KD waxay joojisay jawaab-celinta bararka ee OA iyada oo loo marayo NLRP3 barar, sidaas darteed ilaalinta carjawda articular. Inflammasome waa kakan borotiin ah oo laga helo cytoplasm, waxayna ku lug leedahay nidaaminta jawaabta bararka.
Kong, G., Wang, J., Li, R., Huang, Z., & Wang, L. (2022). Cunto ketogenic ah waxay kordhisaa caabuqa iyadoo la joojinayo bararka NLRP3 ee osteoarthritis. Cilmi-baarista arthritis-ka & daawaynta, 24(1), 113. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-022-02802-0
BHB waxay ku joojin kartaa caabuqa NLRP3 habab badan. Waxay joojisaa isku-dhafka NLRP3 isku-dhafka bararka, ka hortagga firfircoonida. Waxay joojisaa soo saarista cytokines pro-bararka sida IL-1β iyadoo yaraynaysa firfircoonida bararka. Waxayna wax ka beddeli kartaa waxqabadka NF-kB, kaas oo xakameynaya muujinta gen ee ku lug leh caabuqa.
Aynu mar kale akhrino jumladaas u dambaysa. Waxay nidaamisaa muujinta hidde-sideyaasha ku lug leh bararka. I tus daawada farmasiga ee Alzheimers oo si guul leh taas u sameeya.
Furayaasha Ketogenic ee HCA2
Doorka kale ee ay ciyaareyso beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), ketone oo lagu soo saaray cunto ketogenic ah, waa is dhexgalka ay la leedahay reseptor loo yaqaan Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor 2 (HCA2) ama G-protein-ku-xidhan yahay receptor 109A (GPR109A). Jidhkan ketone wuxuu xidhaa oo hawlgeliyaa HCA2 iyo wuxuu soo diraa calaamada gudaha unugga si loo yareeyo bararka.
Hadda, aan ka hadalno prostaglandins. Prostaglandins waa kiimikooyin ku jira jidhkeena kuwaas oo door ka ciyaara bararka. Waxay u dhaqmaan sida masuullada sidda calaamadaha unugyada, iyaga oo u sheegaya inay bararaan. BHB waxay yaraynaysaa wax soo saarka prostaglandins-kan. Marka BHB ay hawlgeliso HCA2, waxay u dirtaa calaamad unugyada si ay u joojiyaan dirista fariimaha qoraalka ah ee kacsan. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, BHB waxay u shaqeysaa sidii badhanka "carrabka la'" ee unugyada, iyaga oo ka hortagaya inay sii daayaan farriimo badan oo kor u qaadaya caabuqa.
Iyada oo la yareeyo wax soo saarka prostaglandins iyo yaraynta jawaabta bararka, BHB waxay caawisaa in la xakameeyo bararka jidhka. Tani waa hal dariiqo cuntada ketogenic, oo leh wax soo saarkeeda kordhay ee BHB, waxay yeelan kartaa saameyn liddi ku ah bararka.
Cuntada Ketogenic: Beddelka dhidibka mindhicirka ee maskaxda ee lagula dagaalamo caabuqa
Microbiome-ka mindhicirka ayaa loo maleynayaa inuu saameyn ku yeesho horumarka cudurka Alzheimers. Waxaa loo maleynayaa in tan lagu sameeyo iyada oo loo marayo soosaarka microbiome ee dheef-shiid kiimikaadka, saamaynta neurotransmitters, beddelka habka difaaca jirka iyo bararka, iyo saameynta suurtagalka ah ee daacadnimada xannibaadda dhiigga-maskaxda (BBB).
Doorka mindhicirka microbiota iyo GMBA [gut microbiota-maskaxda maskaxda] ee AD waa tan ugu muhiimsan. Halabuurka bakteeriyada mindhicirku waxay si aad ah u saamaysaa cillad kasta oo la xidhiidha neerfaha, sida AD, iyo xanuunka niyadda.
Varesi, A., Pierella, E., Romeo, M., Piccini, GB, Alfano, C., Bjørklund, G., Oppong, A., Ricevuti, G., Esposito, C., Chirumbolo, S., & Pascale, A. (2022). Doorka suurtagalka ah ee Gut Microbiota ee Cudurka Alzheimers: Laga bilaabo ogaanshaha ilaa daawaynta. Nafaqooyinka, 14(3), 668. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030668
Cunnada ketogenic waxay keentaa isbeddello la taaban karo oo ku dhaca microbiome-ka mindhicirka. Waxay kor u qaadaa koritaanka bakteeriyada faa'iido leh iyada oo la yareynayo tirada badan ee microbes khatarta ah. Isbeddelkan ku dhaca isku-dhafka microbial-ka ayaa loo arkaa inuu saameyn ku yeesho shaqada maskaxda iyo bararka iyada oo loo marayo dhidibka maskaxda-maskaxda si qoto dheer.
Waa maxay sababtu? Sababtoo ah microbiome-ka mindhicirka wuxuu soo saaraa dheef-shiid kiimikaad kala duwan iyo unugyo calaamadeynaya kuwaas oo la falgali kara habka dareemayaasha. Unugyadani waxay si toos ah u saameyn karaan shaqada maskaxda waxayna beddelaan hababka bararka. Awoodda cuntada ketogenic ee lagu dhimo bararka waa la dhexdhexaadin karaa, ugu yaraan qayb ahaan, saamaynta ay ku leedahay microbiota mindhicirka. Waa hal hab oo kale oo ay cuntada ketogenic ka caawiso la dagaallanka neuroinflammation waxayna wax ka beddeleysaa hal hab oo kale oo cudurro hoose ah oo lagu arkay waallida Alzheimers.
Maxaynu u isticmaali waynay faragelin kor u qaadaysa xaalad barar caafimaad leh oo maskaxda ah qof qaba habka neerfayaasha sida cudurka Alzheimers?
Halabuurka microbiota ayaa laga yaabaa inuu saameyn ku yeesho horumarka iyo sidoo kale joojinta horumarka cudurka, waxaana laga yaabaa inuu matalo istiraatiijiyad kale oo daaweyneed oo suurtagal ah oo loogu talagalay xanuunka neerfaha.
Pietrzak, D., Kasperek, K., Rękawek, P., & Piątkowska-Chmiel, I. (2022). Doorka daaweynta ee cuntada ketogenic ee xanuunada neerfaha. Nafaqooyinka, 14(9), 1952. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091952
Haddii aad rabto inaad fahamto saamaynta cuntada ketogenic ee qaar ka mid ah arrimaha kale ee la xidhiidha microbiome-ka looga hadlay qaybtan, fadlan eeg maqaalladan dheeraadka ah ee hoose ka hor intaadan u gudbin gabagabada.
Gebagebadii: Cudurka Alzheimers iyo Doorka lama huraanka ah ee Cunnada Ketogenic
Markaa cuntada ketogenic ma hagaajin doontaa dhammaan hababka cilmu-nafsiga ee hoos yimaada kuwaas oo ah qayb ka mid ah kuwa aad jeceshahay (ama kuwaaga) hoos u dhaca garashada? Macquul ah Laakiin suurtogal maaha. Haddii cadaadiska oksaydhative-ka uu sii wado culeyska birta culus, soo-gaadhista sunta caaryada, caabuqyada qarsoon, ama arrimo kale oo kala duwan, waxay u badan tahay inaad u baahan doonto ama aad u baahan doonto gargaar dheeraad ah. Horumarka cudurku waxa dhaqaajin kara yaraanta ama yaraanta nafaqeeyayaalka muhiimka ah ee mitochondria u baahan yahay si uu u kobco.
Waxaa jira arrimo kala duwan oo wadista cudurka Alzheimers iyo phenotypes kala duwan. Ujeedada maqaalkani maaha in lagu doodo ama laga doodo in cuntada ketogenic ay hagaajin doonto dhammaan hababka cilmu-nafsiga ee asaasiga ah ee qayb ka ah qof kasta horumarkiisa gaarka ah.
Ujeeddada iyo ujeedada maqaalkani waa inay kuu tilmaamaan in cuntada ketogenic ay tahay ikhtiyaarka daaweynta ugu dhammaystiran iyo ilaalinta neuroprotective ee aan haysano. Si aad si wax ku ool ah kuugula soo xiriirto in haddii wax ay fursad u leeyihiin inay joojiyaan ama hoos u dhigaan horumarka cudurka Alzheimers iyada oo loo marayo habab badan oo dhammaystiran, waa, si daacad ah, cuntada ketogenic.
Ugu dambeyntiina, maqaalkan waxaa loo qoray si aan u rajaynayo inuu burburiyo fikradda khaldan ee ah in daawaynta uu kuu qoray takhtarkaaga neerfaha ay u taagan yihiin waddooyinka keliya ee lagula tacaalayo waxa si khaldan loogu muujiyey saadaal xun oo aan laga noqon karin. Ma hubo in taasi tahay kiiska marka arrimahan hoose ee lagu sharraxay boostadan la siinayo helitaanka faragelin xooggan sida cuntada ketogenic. Ugu yaraan, xaalado badan, waxaan u maleynayaa in hoos u dhaca horumarka ay suurtagal tahay.
Ha fadhiisan meel cidlo ah, sugitaanka xirfadlayaasha daryeelka caafimaadka si ay ula qabsadaan xawaaraha cilmi-baarista cilmi-baarista iyada oo maskaxdaada ama qofka aad jeceshahay ay sii wadaan inay neurodegenerate ilaa heer aan soo laaban.
Waxaad la shaqayn kartaa cunto yaqaan ama nafaqeeyaha u tababaran ketogenic si uu u caawiyo (ama naftaada). Haddii aad qabtid hore oo khafiif ah garashada garashada (MCI) ama heerka dambe ee Alzheimers oo aad haysato taageerada daryeelaha, waxa laga yaabaa inaad taageero iyo faa'iido ka hesho barnaamijkayga online.
Iyadoo aan loo eegin meesha aad go'aansato inaad caawimo u tagto, ha sugin.
Waxaan halkan idiinka sheegayaa in aanay jirin cid adiga iyo qofka aad jeceshahayba ka samatabbixinaysa daanka waallida. Ficilka hirgelinta cuntada ketogenic waa la samayn karaa, waxaana jira taageero badan oo halkaas ka jirta.
Waxaan kuu soo dirayaa jacayl safarkaaga.
Haddii aad raadineyso macluumaad ku saabsan ketones-ka dibadda ah waxaad ka heli kartaa maqaallada soo socda mid waxtar leh.
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